The article analyzes some approaches to and assessments of the problems associated with modernization of the Russian society made by experts dealing with specific socio-economic topics. The authors review the aggregate of problems associated with Russia’s need to move away from its commodity-based economy. The major problem here is the mentality of entrepreneurs, who aim for quick profits. This mindset stems from the Soviet economy management approach and currently is highly compromised by the fact the global markets are under the external control. Another significant problem consists in selecting the strategy for borrowing new foreign technologies and determining the scale and nature of how the state influences modernization processes. Purchasing technologies abroad is associated with a number of additional risks - dependency on the supplier, intentional furnishing of obsolete technologies, and retarded development of the knowledge economy. The article also covers the issue of the social responsibility of business as regards the economy modernization processes and the impact of the cultural factor on large economies formation processes that represent an essential condition of modernization.
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